# std::basic_string<CharT,Traits,Allocator>::front

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< cpp‎ | string‎ | basic string

| (1) |
CharT& front(); |  | (until C++20)
constexpr CharT& front(); |  | (since C++20)
| (2) |
const CharT& front() const; |  | (until C++20)
constexpr const CharT& front() const; |  | (since C++20)

Returns reference to the first character in the string. The behavior is undefined if empty() is true.

### Parameters

(none)

### Return value

Reference to the first character, equivalent to operator[](0).

### Complexity

Constant.

### Notes

In libstdc++, `front()` is not available in C++98 mode.

### Example

Run this code

    #include <iostream>
    #include <string>

    int main()
    {
        std::string s("Exemplary");
        char& f1 = s.front();
        f1 = 'e';
        std::cout << s << '\n'; // "exemplary"

        std::string const c("Exemplary");
        char const& f2 = c.front();
        std::cout << &f2 << '\n'; // "Exemplary"
    }

Output:

    exemplary
    Exemplary

### Defect reports

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

DR | Applied to | Behavior as published | Correct behavior
--- | --- | --- | ---
LWG 534 | C++98 | std::basic_string did not have the member function `front()` | added

### See also

back (DR*) | accesses the last character (public member function)
front (C++17) | accesses the first character (public member function of `std::basic_string_view<CharT,Traits>`)

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