# std::isalnum

From cppreference.com
< cpp‎ | string‎ | byte

Defined in header `<cctype>` |  |
int isalnum( int ch ); |  |

Checks if the given character is an alphanumeric character as classified by the current C locale. In the default locale, the following characters are alphanumeric:

- digits (`0123456789`)
- uppercase letters (`ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ`)
- lowercase letters (`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz`)

The behavior is undefined if the value of ch is not representable as unsigned char and is not equal to EOF.

### Parameters

ch | - | character to classify

### Return value

Non-zero value if the character is an alphanumeric character, `0` otherwise.

### Notes

Like all other functions from `<cctype>`, the behavior of `std::isalnum` is undefined if the argument's value is neither representable as unsigned char nor equal to EOF. To use these functions safely with plain chars (or signed chars), the argument should first be converted to unsigned char:

    bool my_isalnum(char ch)
    {
        return std::isalnum(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch));
    }

Similarly, they should not be directly used with standard algorithms when the iterator's value type is char or signed char. Instead, convert the value to unsigned char first:

    int count_alnums(const std::string& s)
    {
        return std::count_if(s.begin(), s.end(),
                          // static_cast<int(*)(int)>(std::isalnum)         // wrong
                          // [](int c){ return std::isalnum(c); }           // wrong
                          // [](char c){ return std::isalnum(c); }          // wrong
                             [](unsigned char c){ return std::isalnum(c); } // correct
                            );
    }

### Example

Demonstrates the use of `std::isalnum` with different locales (OS-specific).

Run this code

    #include <cctype>
    #include <clocale>
    #include <iostream>

    int main()
    {
        unsigned char c = '\xdf'; // German letter ß in ISO-8859-1

        std::cout << "isalnum(\'\\xdf\', default C locale) returned "
                  << std::boolalpha << static_cast<bool>(std::isalnum(c)) << '\n';

        if (std::setlocale(LC_ALL, "de_DE.iso88591"))
            std::cout << "isalnum(\'\\xdf\', ISO-8859-1 locale) returned "
                      << static_cast<bool>(std::isalnum(c)) << '\n';

    }

Possible output:

    isalnum('\xdf', default C locale) returned false
    isalnum('\xdf', ISO-8859-1 locale) returned true

### See also

isalnum(std::locale) | checks if a character is classified as alphanumeric by a locale (function template)
iswalnum | checks if a wide character is alphanumeric (function)

ASCII values | characters | `iscntrl` `iswcntrl` | `isprint` `iswprint` | `isspace` `iswspace` | `isblank` `iswblank` | `isgraph` `iswgraph` | `ispunct` `iswpunct` | `isalnum` `iswalnum` | `isalpha` `iswalpha` | `isupper` `iswupper` | `islower` `iswlower` | `isdigit` `iswdigit` | `isxdigit` `iswxdigit`
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
decimal | hexadecimal | octal
0–8 | `\x0`–`\x8` | `\0`–`\10` | control codes (`NUL`, etc.) | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
9 | `\x9` | `\11` | tab (`\t`) | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
10–13 | `\xA`–`\xD` | `\12`–`\15` | whitespaces (`\n`, `\v`, `\f`, `\r`) | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
14–31 | `\xE`–`\x1F` | `\16`–`\37` | control codes | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
32 | `\x20` | `\40` | space | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
33–47 | `\x21`–`\x2F` | `\41`–`\57` | `!"#$%&'()*+,-./` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
48–57 | `\x30`–`\x39` | `\60`–`\71` | `0123456789` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0`
58–64 | `\x3A`–`\x40` | `\72`–`\100` | `:;<=>?@` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
65–70 | `\x41`–`\x46` | `\101`–`\106` | `ABCDEF` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0`
71–90 | `\x47`–`\x5A` | `\107`–`\132` | `GHIJKLMNOP` `QRSTUVWXYZ` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
91–96 | `\x5B`–`\x60` | `\133`–`\140` | `[\]^_`` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
97–102 | `\x61`–`\x66` | `\141`–`\146` | `abcdef` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0`
103–122 | `\x67`–`\x7A` | `\147`–`\172` | `ghijklmnop` `qrstuvwxyz` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0`
123–126 | `\x7B`–`\x7E` | `\172`–`\176` | `{|}~` | `0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `≠0` | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`
127 | `\x7F` | `\177` | backspace character (`DEL`) | `≠0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0` | `0`

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