# std::uninitialized_fill

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< cpp‎ | memory

Defined in header `<memory>` |  |
template< class ForwardIt, class T > void uninitialized_fill( ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, const T& value ); | (1) |
template< class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIt, class T > void uninitialized_fill( ExecutionPolicy&& policy, ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, const T& value ); | (2) | (since C++17)

1) Copies the given value to an uninitialized memory area, defined by the range `[`first`,` last`)` as if by for (; first != last; ++first)
::new (/* VOIDIFY */(*first))
typename std::iterator_traits<ForwardIt>::value_type(value);
where /* VOIDIFY */(e) is:

static_cast<void*>(&e) | (until C++11)
static_cast<void*>(std::addressof(e)) | (since C++11)

If an exception is thrown during the initialization, the objects already constructed are destroyed in an unspecified order.
2) Same as (1), but executed according to policy. This overload does not participate in overload resolution unless

std::is_execution_policy_v<std::decay_t<ExecutionPolicy>> is true. | (until C++20)
std::is_execution_policy_v<std::remove_cvref_t<ExecutionPolicy>> is true. | (since C++20)

### Parameters

first, last | - | the range of the elements to initialize
value | - | the value to construct the elements with
policy | - | the execution policy to use. See execution policy for details.
Type requirements
- `ForwardIt` must meet the requirements of LegacyForwardIterator.
- No increment, assignment, comparison, or indirection through valid instances of `ForwardIt` may throw exceptions. Applying &* to a `ForwardIt` value must yield a pointer to its value type. (until C++11)

### Return value

(none)

### Complexity

Linear in the distance between first and last.

### Exceptions

The overload with a template parameter named `ExecutionPolicy` reports errors as follows:

- If execution of a function invoked as part of the algorithm throws an exception and `ExecutionPolicy` is one of the standard policies, std::terminate is called. For any other `ExecutionPolicy`, the behavior is implementation-defined.
- If the algorithm fails to allocate memory, std::bad_alloc is thrown.

### Possible implementation

    template<class ForwardIt, class T>
    void uninitialized_fill(ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, const T& value)
    {
        using V = typename std::iterator_traits<ForwardIt>::value_type;
        ForwardIt current = first;
        try
        {
            for (; current != last; ++current)
                ::new (static_cast<void*>(std::addressof(*current))) V(value);
        }
        catch (...)
        {
            for (; first != current; ++first)
                first->~V();
            throw;
        }
    }

### Example

Run this code

    #include <algorithm>
    #include <iostream>
    #include <memory>
    #include <string>

    int main()
    {
        const std::size_t sz = 4;
        std::allocator<std::string> alloc;
        std::string* p = alloc.allocate(sz);

        std::uninitialized_fill(p, p + sz, "Example");

        for (std::string* i = p; i != p + sz; ++i)
        {
            std::cout << *i << '\n';
            i->~basic_string<char>();
        }

        alloc.deallocate(p, sz);
    }

Output:

    Example
    Example
    Example
    Example

### Defect reports

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

DR | Applied to | Behavior as published | Correct behavior
--- | --- | --- | ---
LWG 866 | C++98 | given `T` as the value type of `ForwardIt`, if T::operator new exists, the program might be ill-formed | uses global replacement- new instead
LWG 2433 | C++11 | this algorithm might be hijacked by overloaded operator& | uses std::addressof
LWG 3870 | C++20 | this algorithm might create objects on a const storage | kept disallowed

### See also

uninitialized_fill_n | copies an object to an uninitialized area of memory, defined by a start and a count (function template)
ranges::uninitialized_fill (C++20) | copies an object to an uninitialized area of memory, defined by a range (niebloid)

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