# std::uninitialized_value_construct

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< cpp‎ | memory

Defined in header `<memory>` |  |
template< class ForwardIt > void uninitialized_value_construct( ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last ); | (1) | (since C++17)
template< class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIt > void uninitialized_value_construct( ExecutionPolicy&& policy, ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last ); | (2) | (since C++17)

1) Constructs objects of type typename iterator_traits<ForwardIt>::value_type in the uninitialized storage designated by the range `[`first`,` last`)` by value-initialization, as if by for (; first != last; ++first)
::new (static_cast<void*>(std::addressof(*first)))
typename std::iterator_traits<ForwardIt>::value_type();
If an exception is thrown during the initialization, the objects already constructed are destroyed in an unspecified order.
2) Same as (1), but executed according to policy. This overload does not participate in overload resolution unless

std::is_execution_policy_v<std::decay_t<ExecutionPolicy>> is true. | (until C++20)
std::is_execution_policy_v<std::remove_cvref_t<ExecutionPolicy>> is true. | (since C++20)

### Parameters

first, last | - | the range of the elements to initialize
policy | - | the execution policy to use. See execution policy for details.
Type requirements
- `ForwardIt` must meet the requirements of LegacyForwardIterator.
- No increment, assignment, comparison, or indirection through valid instances of `ForwardIt` may throw exceptions.

### Return value

(none)

### Complexity

Linear in the distance between first and last.

### Exceptions

The overload with a template parameter named `ExecutionPolicy` reports errors as follows:

- If execution of a function invoked as part of the algorithm throws an exception and `ExecutionPolicy` is one of the standard policies, std::terminate is called. For any other `ExecutionPolicy`, the behavior is implementation-defined.
- If the algorithm fails to allocate memory, std::bad_alloc is thrown.

### Possible implementation

    template<class ForwardIt>
    void uninitialized_value_construct(ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last)
    {
        using Value = typename std::iterator_traits<ForwardIt>::value_type;
        ForwardIt current = first;
        try
        {
            for (; current != last; ++current)
                ::new (const_cast<void*>(static_cast<const volatile void*>(
                    std::addressof(*current)))) Value();
        }
        catch (...)
        {
            std::destroy(first, current);
            throw;
        }
    }

### Example

Run this code

    #include <iostream>
    #include <memory>
    #include <string>

    int main()
    {
        struct S { std::string m{"Default value"}; };

        constexpr int n{3};
        alignas(alignof(S)) unsigned char mem[n * sizeof(S)];

        try
        {
            auto first{reinterpret_cast<S*>(mem)};
            auto last{first + n};

            std::uninitialized_value_construct(first, last);

            for (auto it{first}; it != last; ++it)
                std::cout << it->m << '\n';

            std::destroy(first, last);
        }
        catch (...)
        {
            std::cout << "Exception!\n";
        }

        // Notice that for "trivial types" the uninitialized_value_construct
        // zero-fills the given uninitialized memory area.
        int v[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
        for (const int i : v)
            std::cout << i << ' ';
        std::cout << '\n';
        std::uninitialized_value_construct(std::begin(v), std::end(v));
        for (const int i : v)
            std::cout << i << ' ';
        std::cout << '\n';
    }

Output:

    Default value
    Default value
    Default value
    1 2 3 4
    0 0 0 0

### Defect reports

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

DR | Applied to | Behavior as published | Correct behavior
--- | --- | --- | ---
LWG 3870 | C++20 | this algorithm might create objects on a const storage | kept disallowed

### See also

uninitialized_value_construct_n (C++17) | constructs objects by value-initialization in an uninitialized area of memory, defined by a start and a count (function template)
uninitialized_default_construct (C++17) | constructs objects by default-initialization in an uninitialized area of memory, defined by a range (function template)
ranges::uninitialized_value_construct (C++20) | constructs objects by value-initialization in an uninitialized area of memory, defined by a range (niebloid)

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